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Russian cybersecurity experts discovered the first local data theft attacks using a modified version of legitimate near field communication (NFC) software, indicating a potential test for a larger operation.
This report details SuperCard, a malicious version of NFCGate, made for sharing NFC data between two nearby devices. Cybercriminals have exploited NFC technology to extract money from victims’ accounts.
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In past SuperCard attacks on European banks, hackers compromised Android phones to collect data from victims’ payment cards. They used this stolen data for ATM transactions. If that didn’t work, they directly transferred funds from victims’ bank accounts.
F6, a cybersecurity firm in Moscow, said on Tuesday that the SuperCard malware hit Android users in Russia in May, having been identified in Italy in April. Cleafy, an Italian security firm, revealed it is offered as malware-as-a-service (MaaS) by “Chinese-speaking” operators.
Attackers manipulated victims into downloading SuperCard by presenting it as a real app, as reported by F6. After installation, the malware detects the victim’s payment system, such as Visa or Mastercard, enabling criminals to commit fraud.
Researchers note that SuperCard distinguishes itself from earlier NFCGate-based malware through its commercial distribution. It is openly marketed on Telegram channels, including Chinese-language ones, and is sold with subscription plans and customer support. F6 claims it can target customers of major banks in the U.S., Australia, and Europe.
F6 identified NFCGate attacks in Russia in January, before SuperCard became prevalent. Attackers have since enhanced their tools. As of the first quarter of 2025, losses from NFCGate variants in Russia totaled 432 million rubles (around $5.5 million), affecting over 175,000 Android devices, F6 reports.
